David Eberhard
2021
Eberhard, David; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Chuck
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 24th Edition Book
2021.
@book{Eberhard2021,
title = {Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 24th Edition},
author = {David Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Chuck Fennig},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-02-21},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
2020
Eberhard, David; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Chuck
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 23rd Edition Book
2020.
@book{Eberhard2020,
title = {Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 23rd Edition},
author = {David Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Chuck Fennig},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-21},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
2019
Eberhard, David; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Chuck
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 22nd Edition Book
SIL International, 2019.
@book{Eberhard2019,
title = {Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 22nd Edition},
author = {David Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Chuck Fennig},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-21},
publisher = {SIL International},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
2017
Eberhard, David
Bi-Phasic Nasals in Mamaindê: At the Fuzzy edge between Phonology and phonetics Presentation
10.02.2017.
@misc{Eberhard2017,
title = {Bi-Phasic Nasals in Mamaindê: At the Fuzzy edge between Phonology and phonetics},
author = {David Eberhard},
doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.19412.81280},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-02-10},
abstract = {An Evaluation of three alternative analyses of bi-phasic nasals in Mamaindê: an Auto-segmental approach, an OT approach, and a Phonetic Implementation strategy},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {presentation}
}
An Evaluation of three alternative analyses of bi-phasic nasals in Mamaindê: an Auto-segmental approach, an OT approach, and a Phonetic Implementation strategy
Eberhard, David
In: Open Linguistics, vol. 3, no. 1, 2017.
@article{Eberhard2017b,
title = {Theory and Praxis in Community Based Language Development: preliminary findings from applications of the Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language},
author = {David Eberhard},
doi = {10.1515 / opli-2017-0013},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-28},
journal = {Open Linguistics},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
abstract = {This study will provide a critique of preliminary results obtained from the application of the ‘Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language’ (Hanawalt, Varenkamp, Lahn, & Eberhard 2015) in minority speech communities. This recent methodological tool was developed to enable and empower minoritized language groups to do their own language planning and to control their own language development. The tool is based on a theoretical approach to community based language development known as the ‘Sustainable Use Model’, or the SUM (Lewis & Simons 2016). The paper will begin with a brief introduction to the theoretical framework of the SUM. Next it will describe the basic structure of the ‘Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language’, and then ‘follow along’ as it is applied in various communities and workshops with mother tongue speakers. These applications were conducted by the author and others in 84 languages in Brazil, Colombia, Croatia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Sao Tome e Principe, and Venezuela. This will be the first report of its kind on the broad applications of this rapidly growing methodology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study will provide a critique of preliminary results obtained from the application of the ‘Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language’ (Hanawalt, Varenkamp, Lahn, & Eberhard 2015) in minority speech communities. This recent methodological tool was developed to enable and empower minoritized language groups to do their own language planning and to control their own language development. The tool is based on a theoretical approach to community based language development known as the ‘Sustainable Use Model’, or the SUM (Lewis & Simons 2016). The paper will begin with a brief introduction to the theoretical framework of the SUM. Next it will describe the basic structure of the ‘Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language’, and then ‘follow along’ as it is applied in various communities and workshops with mother tongue speakers. These applications were conducted by the author and others in 84 languages in Brazil, Colombia, Croatia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Sao Tome e Principe, and Venezuela. This will be the first report of its kind on the broad applications of this rapidly growing methodology.
2016
Eberhard, David
The Nominal Classifiers of the Mamaindê Language Miscellaneous
2016.
@misc{Eberhard2016b,
title = {The Nominal Classifiers of the Mamaindê Language},
author = {David Eberhard},
doi = {10.13140/RG.2.1.3126.4083},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-10-01},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Eberhard, David
Nambikwara Evidentials Miscellaneous
2016.
@misc{Eberhard2016bb,
title = {Nambikwara Evidentials},
author = {David Eberhard},
doi = {10.13140 / RG.2.1.3870.1846},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-03-03},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Eberhard, David
In Defense of Minority Languages of Brazil Miscellaneous
2016.
@misc{Eberhard2016,
title = {In Defense of Minority Languages of Brazil},
author = {David Eberhard},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
abstract = {Preamble The weakening and disappearance of hundreds of minority languages around the world has been recognized as a matter of global urgency by linguists and anthropologists over the past two decades. One of the initial warnings, and certainly the most cited, was given by the linguist Michael Krauss (1992) 1 , who woke us up to the reality of the extinction process that many languages are experiencing today, and the great possibility of the imminent loss of a frightening percentage (90%) of the planet's languages. 2 Fortunately, the mass loss has been less accelerated than originally predicted by Krauss. Even so, today we know that 37% of the world's languages are in the process of being lost, and a significant part of this loss is happening here in Brazil (Simons and Lewis, 2011; Lewis et al, 2013). 3 UNB linguist Aryon Rodrigues (2002) states that language loss has become a global phenomenon. Fifteen years ago, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization warned nations that the world's cultural knowledge is dwindling. The variety of knowledge. With globalization, the process of eliminating minorities in one way or another is intensifying. And that takes away languages and the knowledge that is transmitted through them. And this is a global phenomenon. On the one hand, it is a natural process, as all the languages of the world are always in the process of change, and the abandonment of minority languages in favor of majority languages has been going on since the time when the first human societies began to speak and get in touch with each other. This change is caused by several factors, such as war, death, economy, or simply small cultural decisions that, in the long run, turn into big linguistic steps. But on the other hand, we are, for the first time in history, better understanding the community ramifications (social losses and loss of identity) implicit in these linguistic changes, losses that could be avoided if specific decisions were made in advance by the communities in question. 4 losses that could be avoided if specific decisions were taken in advance by the communities in question. 4 losses that could be avoided if specific decisions were taken in advance by the communities in question. 4},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Preamble The weakening and disappearance of hundreds of minority languages around the world has been recognized as a matter of global urgency by linguists and anthropologists over the past two decades. One of the initial warnings, and certainly the most cited, was given by the linguist Michael Krauss (1992) 1 , who woke us up to the reality of the extinction process that many languages are experiencing today, and the great possibility of the imminent loss of a frightening percentage (90%) of the planet's languages. 2 Fortunately, the mass loss has been less accelerated than originally predicted by Krauss. Even so, today we know that 37% of the world's languages are in the process of being lost, and a significant part of this loss is happening here in Brazil (Simons and Lewis, 2011; Lewis et al, 2013). 3 UNB linguist Aryon Rodrigues (2002) states that language loss has become a global phenomenon. Fifteen years ago, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization warned nations that the world's cultural knowledge is dwindling. The variety of knowledge. With globalization, the process of eliminating minorities in one way or another is intensifying. And that takes away languages and the knowledge that is transmitted through them. And this is a global phenomenon. On the one hand, it is a natural process, as all the languages of the world are always in the process of change, and the abandonment of minority languages in favor of majority languages has been going on since the time when the first human societies began to speak and get in touch with each other. This change is caused by several factors, such as war, death, economy, or simply small cultural decisions that, in the long run, turn into big linguistic steps. But on the other hand, we are, for the first time in history, better understanding the community ramifications (social losses and loss of identity) implicit in these linguistic changes, losses that could be avoided if specific decisions were made in advance by the communities in question. 4 losses that could be avoided if specific decisions were taken in advance by the communities in question. 4 losses that could be avoided if specific decisions were taken in advance by the communities in question. 4
Eberhard, David; Anonby, Stan
A tale of two worlds: A comparative study of language ecologies in asia and the americas Journal Article
In: vol. 10, pp. 601 - 628, 2016.
@article{Eberhard2016bb,
title = {A tale of two worlds: A comparative study of language ecologies in asia and the americas},
author = {David Eberhard and Stan Anonby},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
volume = {10},
pages = {601 - 628},
abstract = {Language use patterns of individual speech communities are largely conditioned by the different language ecologies in which they are immersed. We believe this ecological stance helps explain why minority languages of Asia are more likely to be sustainable than those in the Americas. We have identified fourteen traits which characterize ecologies in general, describing how they play out differently in the Americas versus Asia. Each trait is considered to be on a continuum, with opposing values that measure whether conditions are more or less favorable to language maintenance. On one side of the continuum, we discuss the values in the Americas, and explain how these are more favorable to language shift. On the other side of the scale, we talk about the values in Asia, and explain how these are more conducive to language maintenance. To show the application of these traits, the paper also includes two in-depth case studies as prototypical examples from each area, one from the Americas and one from Asia. We conclude with some comments about how these traits can be useful for those engaged in language development work.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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Language use patterns of individual speech communities are largely conditioned by the different language ecologies in which they are immersed. We believe this ecological stance helps explain why minority languages of Asia are more likely to be sustainable than those in the Americas. We have identified fourteen traits which characterize ecologies in general, describing how they play out differently in the Americas versus Asia. Each trait is considered to be on a continuum, with opposing values that measure whether conditions are more or less favorable to language maintenance. On one side of the continuum, we discuss the values in the Americas, and explain how these are more favorable to language shift. On the other side of the scale, we talk about the values in Asia, and explain how these are more conducive to language maintenance. To show the application of these traits, the paper also includes two in-depth case studies as prototypical examples from each area, one from the Americas and one from Asia. We conclude with some comments about how these traits can be useful for those engaged in language development work.
2015
Eberhard, David; Hanawalt, Charlie; Varenkamp, Bryan; Lahn, Carletta
Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language Miscellaneous
2015.
@misc{Eberhard2015,
title = {Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language},
author = {David Eberhard and Charlie Hanawalt and Bryan Varenkamp and Carletta Lahn},
doi = {10.13140 / RG.2.1.4219.0164},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-07-01},
abstract = {Updated regularly at: http://www.leadimpact.org/language/#the-future-of-our-language. This guide is to be used for language development by the speakers of minority languages themselves. It is particularly helpful to endangered language communities by providing awareness of their general sociolinguistic situation and current patterns of language use. During the application of this tool, the community will assess the vitality of their mother tongue, become aware of how sustainable that current vitality is, and decide if they want to strengthen it any further or not. If they decide to strengthen their language, the costs of doing so are made clear, and they are guided thru the process of developing a plan of action. This tool assumes that sustainable language development must be built on community ownership.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Updated regularly at: http://www.leadimpact.org/language/#the-future-of-our-language. This guide is to be used for language development by the speakers of minority languages themselves. It is particularly helpful to endangered language communities by providing awareness of their general sociolinguistic situation and current patterns of language use. During the application of this tool, the community will assess the vitality of their mother tongue, become aware of how sustainable that current vitality is, and decide if they want to strengthen it any further or not. If they decide to strengthen their language, the costs of doing so are made clear, and they are guided thru the process of developing a plan of action. This tool assumes that sustainable language development must be built on community ownership.
2013
2012
Eberhard, David
The Mamaindê Tense/Evidentiality System Journal Article
In: Word Structure, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 129-164, 2012.
@article{Eberhard2012,
title = {The Mamaindê Tense/Evidentiality System},
author = {David Eberhard},
doi = {10.3366/word.2012.0024},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-10-01},
journal = {Word Structure},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {129-164},
abstract = {This paper describes the extensive tense/evidentiality system of Mamaindê, a northern Nambikwara language of Brazil. This morphological system performs a dual function in Mamaindê, that of marking tense as well as indicating information source. First, each of the six evidentials are discussed in detail, followed by a section on the use of evidentials as ‘extensions’ with secondary semantic properties. After comments regarding the possible origins of this particular morphological category, a comparative section highlights the similarities and differences between the various evidential systems discovered thus far in the Nambikwara family, as well as some parallels with evidentiality within other Amazonian languages. The systems most similar to Mamaindê are those found in Lakondê, a northern Nambikwara language ( Telles & Wetzels 2006 ), Tariana, an Arawak language ( Aikhenvald 2004 : 60) and Tuyuca, East Tucanoan ( Payne 1997 : 256–7). The paper closes with a short commentary on the possible connections between Mamaindê evidentials and Mamaindê culture. The overall result of this research is a comprehensive presentation of the Mamaindê evidential system, and an assessment of how it fits into a cross-linguistic picture of evidentiality.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper describes the extensive tense/evidentiality system of Mamaindê, a northern Nambikwara language of Brazil. This morphological system performs a dual function in Mamaindê, that of marking tense as well as indicating information source. First, each of the six evidentials are discussed in detail, followed by a section on the use of evidentials as ‘extensions’ with secondary semantic properties. After comments regarding the possible origins of this particular morphological category, a comparative section highlights the similarities and differences between the various evidential systems discovered thus far in the Nambikwara family, as well as some parallels with evidentiality within other Amazonian languages. The systems most similar to Mamaindê are those found in Lakondê, a northern Nambikwara language ( Telles & Wetzels 2006 ), Tariana, an Arawak language ( Aikhenvald 2004 : 60) and Tuyuca, East Tucanoan ( Payne 1997 : 256–7). The paper closes with a short commentary on the possible connections between Mamaindê evidentials and Mamaindê culture. The overall result of this research is a comprehensive presentation of the Mamaindê evidential system, and an assessment of how it fits into a cross-linguistic picture of evidentiality.
2011
Eberhard, David
Pre-Oralized Nasal Codas in Mamaindê and The Oral Vowel Enhancement Proposal Conference
2011.
@conference{Eberhard2011,
title = {Pre-Oralized Nasal Codas in Mamaindê and The Oral Vowel Enhancement Proposal},
author = {David Eberhard},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-13},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
2009
Eberhard, David
Mamaindê Grammar: A Northern Nambikwara language and its cultural context Book
LOT Publishing, 2009, ISBN: 978-94-6093-012-6.
@book{Eberhard2009,
title = {Mamaindê Grammar: A Northern Nambikwara language and its cultural context},
author = {David Eberhard},
isbn = {978-94-6093-012-6},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-01-01},
volume = {2},
publisher = {LOT Publishing},
abstract = {This work contains a descriptive grammar of Mamaindê, a Northern Nambikwara language of west central Brazil. The Mamaindê language is spoken by some 250 people, located in four communities. While bilingualism in Portuguese is rapidly gaining ground, the spoken vernacular has so far been able to preserve critical domains and thus maintain a healthy level of vitality. There are many signs, however, of both cultural and language shift, indicating that this language may be on the edge of endangerment.
The first chapter includes a broad overview of the culture and history of the Mamaindê people. A connection between language and culture is stressed at the outset, with examples of this relationship being given at significant points throughout the work. Subsequent chapters address the areas of Phonology, Morphology, and Syntax, the last of which also includes a section on Discourse.
Data is offered which should be of interest to those involved in the research of Nambikwara languages, Amazonian linguistics, and linguistic typology. Specific topics which are relevant to current theory include an eclectic view of feature geometry, the analysis of pre-oralized nasal segments, coda licensing, stress in lexical strata, tone sandhi, evidentiality, endearment terms, emotives, noun classifiers, the impersonal construction, and the presence of low and high registers in an Amazonian language.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
This work contains a descriptive grammar of Mamaindê, a Northern Nambikwara language of west central Brazil. The Mamaindê language is spoken by some 250 people, located in four communities. While bilingualism in Portuguese is rapidly gaining ground, the spoken vernacular has so far been able to preserve critical domains and thus maintain a healthy level of vitality. There are many signs, however, of both cultural and language shift, indicating that this language may be on the edge of endangerment.
The first chapter includes a broad overview of the culture and history of the Mamaindê people. A connection between language and culture is stressed at the outset, with examples of this relationship being given at significant points throughout the work. Subsequent chapters address the areas of Phonology, Morphology, and Syntax, the last of which also includes a section on Discourse.
Data is offered which should be of interest to those involved in the research of Nambikwara languages, Amazonian linguistics, and linguistic typology. Specific topics which are relevant to current theory include an eclectic view of feature geometry, the analysis of pre-oralized nasal segments, coda licensing, stress in lexical strata, tone sandhi, evidentiality, endearment terms, emotives, noun classifiers, the impersonal construction, and the presence of low and high registers in an Amazonian language.
The first chapter includes a broad overview of the culture and history of the Mamaindê people. A connection between language and culture is stressed at the outset, with examples of this relationship being given at significant points throughout the work. Subsequent chapters address the areas of Phonology, Morphology, and Syntax, the last of which also includes a section on Discourse.
Data is offered which should be of interest to those involved in the research of Nambikwara languages, Amazonian linguistics, and linguistic typology. Specific topics which are relevant to current theory include an eclectic view of feature geometry, the analysis of pre-oralized nasal segments, coda licensing, stress in lexical strata, tone sandhi, evidentiality, endearment terms, emotives, noun classifiers, the impersonal construction, and the presence of low and high registers in an Amazonian language.
2008
Eberhard, David
Mamaindê Coda Processes Book Chapter
In: Chapter 10, pp. 177-210, SIL Internationa, 2008.
@inbook{Eberhard2008,
title = {Mamaindê Coda Processes},
author = {David Eberhard},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
pages = {177-210},
publisher = {SIL Internationa},
chapter = {10},
type = {inbook},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
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Eberhard, David; Anonby, Stan
A Survey of Three Northern Nambiquara Groups: The Mamaindê, Negarotê, and Latundê Journal Article
In: 2008.
@article{Eberhard2008b,
title = {A Survey of Three Northern Nambiquara Groups: The Mamaindê, Negarotê, and Latundê},
author = {David Eberhard and Stan Anonby},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-01-01},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
2007
Eberhard, David
Mamaindé Tone: An Account of Plateauing In An Amazonian Language Book Chapter
In: pp. 285 - 308, The Netherlands: Leiden University, 2007.
@inbook{Eberhard2007,
title = {Mamaindé Tone: An Account of Plateauing In An Amazonian Language},
author = {David Eberhard},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
pages = {285 - 308},
publisher = {The Netherlands: Leiden University},
type = {inbook},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
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1995
Eberhard, David
Mamaindé Stress: the Need for Strata Book
Dallas: SIL Publishing, 1995, ISBN: 978-1556710032.
@book{Eberhard1995,
title = {Mamaindé Stress: the Need for Strata},
author = {David Eberhard},
isbn = {978-1556710032},
year = {1995},
date = {1995-01-01},
publisher = {Dallas: SIL Publishing},
abstract = {Stress plays an important role in the phonology, morphology, and syntax of Mamaindé. The author uses the current theories of metrical and lexical phonology to analyze this stress system. It is demonstrated that a typical application of metrical rules alone will not predict stress correctly. Instead, Mamaindé must make use of multiple strata in order for stress placement to be predicted.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
Stress plays an important role in the phonology, morphology, and syntax of Mamaindé. The author uses the current theories of metrical and lexical phonology to analyze this stress system. It is demonstrated that a typical application of metrical rules alone will not predict stress correctly. Instead, Mamaindé must make use of multiple strata in order for stress placement to be predicted.