Herbert Pierson
2020
Pierson, Herbert; Gallois, Cynthia; Giles, Howard; Ota, Hiroshi; Ng, Sik Hung; Lim, Tae-Seop; Maher, John; Somera, Lilnabeth; Ryan, Ellen B.; Harwood, Jake
Intergenerational Communication across the Pacific Rim: The Impact of Filial Piety Book Chapter
In: pp. 192-211, Routledge, 2020, ISBN: 9781003077466.
@inbook{Pierson2020,
title = {Intergenerational Communication across the Pacific Rim: The Impact of Filial Piety},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Cynthia Gallois and Howard Giles and Hiroshi Ota and Sik Hung Ng and Tae-Seop Lim and John Maher and Lilnabeth Somera and Ellen B. Ryan and Jake Harwood},
doi = {10.1201/9781003077466-15},
isbn = {9781003077466},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-07-09},
urldate = {2020-07-09},
pages = {192-211},
publisher = {Routledge},
abstract = {Most research and theory in communication and ageing is derived from North America. This investigation is one of a series of comparative attempts to redress this imbalance by studying intergenerational communication patterns in Southeast and East Asian cultures as well as the West. In this study, we focused on filial piety, and administered our own initial measure of normative beliefs about it to over 1400 students in four Western (United States, Australia, Canada and New Zealand) and four East and Southeast Asian (Japan, Korea, Hong Kong and The Philippines) sites. Three-mode factor analyses indicated that overall, participants in the study distinguished between younger and older people and family members and people outside the family in their judgements of filial piety. In addition, subjects’ responses fell into dimensions of practical support versus communication, and respect versus contact and support. Results also indicated differences between what young people should give to their elderly parents (practical support), what parents expect (continued contact with their children) and what older adults in general expect (respect). Students from Asian cultures showed a sharper distinction than did Western students between what they intended to provide (practical support) and what they perceived their parents and older adults to expect (continued contact and respect), although this difference was not great. Finally, MANOVAs indicated that Asian students felt more obliged to give practical support than did Westerners, while the latter put more emphasis on continued communication and contact with older adults. Interestingly, Asian participants reported that their intentions to care for and communicatively support older people were lower than that expected of them, whereas Western participants claimed that they personally would provide more support of all types than was expected of them.},
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Most research and theory in communication and ageing is derived from North America. This investigation is one of a series of comparative attempts to redress this imbalance by studying intergenerational communication patterns in Southeast and East Asian cultures as well as the West. In this study, we focused on filial piety, and administered our own initial measure of normative beliefs about it to over 1400 students in four Western (United States, Australia, Canada and New Zealand) and four East and Southeast Asian (Japan, Korea, Hong Kong and The Philippines) sites. Three-mode factor analyses indicated that overall, participants in the study distinguished between younger and older people and family members and people outside the family in their judgements of filial piety. In addition, subjects’ responses fell into dimensions of practical support versus communication, and respect versus contact and support. Results also indicated differences between what young people should give to their elderly parents (practical support), what parents expect (continued contact with their children) and what older adults in general expect (respect). Students from Asian cultures showed a sharper distinction than did Western students between what they intended to provide (practical support) and what they perceived their parents and older adults to expect (continued contact and respect), although this difference was not great. Finally, MANOVAs indicated that Asian students felt more obliged to give practical support than did Westerners, while the latter put more emphasis on continued communication and contact with older adults. Interestingly, Asian participants reported that their intentions to care for and communicatively support older people were lower than that expected of them, whereas Western participants claimed that they personally would provide more support of all types than was expected of them.
2012
Pierson, Herbert; Hirvela, Alan; Nussbaum, Alexander
ESL students’ attitudes toward punctuation Journal Article
In: System, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 11–23, 2012.
@article{Pierson2012,
title = {ESL students’ attitudes toward punctuation},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Alan Hirvela and Alexander Nussbaum},
doi = {10.1016/j.system.2012.01.006},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-03-01},
urldate = {2012-03-01},
journal = {System},
volume = {40},
number = {1},
pages = {11–23},
abstract = {Punctuation is a surprisingly underexplored area of second language writing and learning. The small body of published literature about punctuation tends to look at ways in which punctuation can be taught. Little is known, except anecdotally, about how English as a second language (ESL) students actually feel about using English punctuation, despite the fact that they must use it frequently if they are writing in English, and may have different notions of how it functions based on its use in their native language. In this paper we report on a survey study of university students’ attitudes toward punctuation in English as a first step toward generating deeper understanding about students’ use of punctuation. The results suggest that students are generally somewhat positive about their use of English punctuation, with some variance in their use of punctuation depending on the writing context at hand.},
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Punctuation is a surprisingly underexplored area of second language writing and learning. The small body of published literature about punctuation tends to look at ways in which punctuation can be taught. Little is known, except anecdotally, about how English as a second language (ESL) students actually feel about using English punctuation, despite the fact that they must use it frequently if they are writing in English, and may have different notions of how it functions based on its use in their native language. In this paper we report on a survey study of university students’ attitudes toward punctuation in English as a first step toward generating deeper understanding about students’ use of punctuation. The results suggest that students are generally somewhat positive about their use of English punctuation, with some variance in their use of punctuation depending on the writing context at hand.
2006
Pierson, Herbert; Fu, Gail S.; Lee, Sik-yum
An analysis of the relationship between language attitudes and English attainment of secondary students in Hong Kong Journal Article
In: Language Learning, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 289 - 305, 2006.
@article{Pierson2006,
title = {An analysis of the relationship between language attitudes and English attainment of secondary students in Hong Kong},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Gail S. Fu and Sik-yum Lee},
doi = {10.1111/j.1467-1770.1980.tb00320.x},
year = {2006},
date = {2006-10-27},
urldate = {2006-10-27},
journal = {Language Learning},
volume = {30},
number = {2},
pages = {289 - 305},
abstract = {This study analyzes the relationship between English language attainment and attitudes towards English among Chinese-speaking (Canton dialect) secondary school students in Hong Kong. The subjects were Form IV (10th grade) students from both English-medium and Chinese-medium schools. Attitude measures were obtained by use of both direct and indirect means. Attitudes towards English were measured directly by means of a series of statements concerning the study and use of English to which subjects were asked to respond on five-point scales. Indirectly, attitudes were measured with a scale of stereotypes modelled on the work of Spolsky. English attainment was assessed by a cloze procedure as suggested by Oller. Results of factor analysis of the direct attitude questions regarding English show that several of these attitude factors are significantly related to English attainment as measured by the cloze test. In some cases, however, the correlations were contrary to the directions that one might expect. In general, the statistical results of this study indicate that, for the population under study, the direct measure of attitude was a better predictor of English attainment than an indirect measure. The indirect measures obtained by asking Ss to rate (1) themselves, (2) themselves as they would like to be, (3) Chinese people, and (4) Westerners did produce some significant results, but these were not as strong indicators of language attainment as the results obtained from the direct measures.},
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This study analyzes the relationship between English language attainment and attitudes towards English among Chinese-speaking (Canton dialect) secondary school students in Hong Kong. The subjects were Form IV (10th grade) students from both English-medium and Chinese-medium schools. Attitude measures were obtained by use of both direct and indirect means. Attitudes towards English were measured directly by means of a series of statements concerning the study and use of English to which subjects were asked to respond on five-point scales. Indirectly, attitudes were measured with a scale of stereotypes modelled on the work of Spolsky. English attainment was assessed by a cloze procedure as suggested by Oller. Results of factor analysis of the direct attitude questions regarding English show that several of these attitude factors are significantly related to English attainment as measured by the cloze test. In some cases, however, the correlations were contrary to the directions that one might expect. In general, the statistical results of this study indicate that, for the population under study, the direct measure of attitude was a better predictor of English attainment than an indirect measure. The indirect measures obtained by asking Ss to rate (1) themselves, (2) themselves as they would like to be, (3) Chinese people, and (4) Westerners did produce some significant results, but these were not as strong indicators of language attainment as the results obtained from the direct measures.
1998
Pierson, Herbert; Giles, Howard; Harwood, Jake; Clément, Richard
Stereotypes of the elderly and evaluations of patronizing speech Book Chapter
In: pp. 151 - 186, 1998.
@inbook{Pierson1998,
title = {Stereotypes of the elderly and evaluations of patronizing speech},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Howard Giles and Jake Harwood and Richard Clément},
year = {1998},
date = {1998-01-01},
urldate = {1998-01-01},
pages = {151 - 186},
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1997
Pierson, Herbert; Williams, Angie; Ota, Hiroshi; Giles, Howard; Gallois, Cynthia; Ng, Sik-Hung; Lim, Tae Seop; Ryan, Ellen Bouchard; Somera, Lilnabeth; Maher, John; Cai, Debra; Harwood, Jake
Young People's Beliefs About Intergenerational CommunicationAn Initial Cross-Cultural Comparison Journal Article
In: Communication Research, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 370-393, 1997.
@article{Pierson1997,
title = {Young People's Beliefs About Intergenerational CommunicationAn Initial Cross-Cultural Comparison},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Angie Williams and Hiroshi Ota and Howard Giles and Cynthia Gallois and Sik-Hung Ng and Tae Seop Lim and Ellen Bouchard Ryan and Lilnabeth Somera and John Maher and Debra Cai and Jake Harwood},
doi = {10.1177/009365097024004003},
year = {1997},
date = {1997-08-01},
urldate = {1997-08-01},
journal = {Communication Research},
volume = {24},
number = {4},
pages = {370-393},
abstract = {This article examines young people's perceptions of their conversations with older people (age 65-85) across nine cultures−five Eastern and four Western. Responses from more than 1,000 participants were entered into a crossnational factor analysis, which revealed four initial factors that underlie perceptions of intergenerational conversations. Elder nonaccommodation was when young participants reported that older people negatively stereotyped the young and did not attend to their communication needs. On the other hand, elder accommodation was when older people were perceived as supportive, attentive and generally encouraging to young people. A third factor was respect/obligation and a fourth factor labeled age-irrelevant positivity described a situation where young people felt conversations with much older people were emotionally positive and satisfying, age did not matter. Examining cross-cultural differences, some East versus West differences were observed, as might be expected, on the basis of simplistic accounts of Eastern collectivism versus Western individualism. However, the results challenge commonsense notions of the status of old age in Eastern versus Western cultures. On some dimensions, participants from Korea, Japan, People's Republic of China, Hong Kong, and the Philippines appear to have relatively less positive perceptions of their conversations with older people than the Western cultures−the United States, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. But there was also evidence of considerable cultural variability, particularly among Eastern cultures−variability that has heretofore all too often been glossed over when global comparisons of East versus West are made. A range of explanations for these cultural differences is explored and implications for older people in these societies are also considered.},
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This article examines young people's perceptions of their conversations with older people (age 65-85) across nine cultures−five Eastern and four Western. Responses from more than 1,000 participants were entered into a crossnational factor analysis, which revealed four initial factors that underlie perceptions of intergenerational conversations. Elder nonaccommodation was when young participants reported that older people negatively stereotyped the young and did not attend to their communication needs. On the other hand, elder accommodation was when older people were perceived as supportive, attentive and generally encouraging to young people. A third factor was respect/obligation and a fourth factor labeled age-irrelevant positivity described a situation where young people felt conversations with much older people were emotionally positive and satisfying, age did not matter. Examining cross-cultural differences, some East versus West differences were observed, as might be expected, on the basis of simplistic accounts of Eastern collectivism versus Western individualism. However, the results challenge commonsense notions of the status of old age in Eastern versus Western cultures. On some dimensions, participants from Korea, Japan, People's Republic of China, Hong Kong, and the Philippines appear to have relatively less positive perceptions of their conversations with older people than the Western cultures−the United States, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. But there was also evidence of considerable cultural variability, particularly among Eastern cultures−variability that has heretofore all too often been glossed over when global comparisons of East versus West are made. A range of explanations for these cultural differences is explored and implications for older people in these societies are also considered.
Pierson, Herbert; Gallois, Cynthia; Giles, Howard; Ota, Hiroshi; Ng, Sik Hung; Lim, Tae-Seop; Maher, John; Somera, Lilnabeth; Ryan, Ellen B.; Harwood, Jake
Intergenerational communication across the Pacific Rim: The impact of filial piety Journal Article
In: Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, vol. 11, pp. 1-11, 1997, ISBN: 9781003077466.
@article{Pierson1997b,
title = {Intergenerational communication across the Pacific Rim: The impact of filial piety},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Cynthia Gallois and Howard Giles and Hiroshi Ota and Sik Hung Ng and Tae-Seop Lim and John Maher and Lilnabeth Somera and Ellen B. Ryan and Jake Harwood},
isbn = {9781003077466},
year = {1997},
date = {1997-01-01},
urldate = {1997-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology},
volume = {11},
pages = {1-11},
abstract = {Young adults from three Western (Canada, U.S.A., and New Zealand) and three East Asian (The Philippines, South Korea and Japan) nations completed a questionnaire regarding their perceptions of interactions with family elders, non-family elders, and same-age peers. Results showed that East Asians perceived family elders to be as accommodating as same-age peers, whereas Westerners perceived family elders as more accommodating than their same-age peers. Participants in both cultural blocks indicated an obligation to be most deferential towards non-family elders, followed by family elders, followed by same-age peers. Whereas both groups perceived interactions with same-age peers more positively than with the two older groups, the Western group perceived the older age groups more positively than did East Asians. Intergenerational communication is reportedly be more problematic than intragenerational communication and, consistent with previous findings, this pattern is more evident in East Asian nations on some variables.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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Young adults from three Western (Canada, U.S.A., and New Zealand) and three East Asian (The Philippines, South Korea and Japan) nations completed a questionnaire regarding their perceptions of interactions with family elders, non-family elders, and same-age peers. Results showed that East Asians perceived family elders to be as accommodating as same-age peers, whereas Westerners perceived family elders as more accommodating than their same-age peers. Participants in both cultural blocks indicated an obligation to be most deferential towards non-family elders, followed by family elders, followed by same-age peers. Whereas both groups perceived interactions with same-age peers more positively than with the two older groups, the Western group perceived the older age groups more positively than did East Asians. Intergenerational communication is reportedly be more problematic than intragenerational communication and, consistent with previous findings, this pattern is more evident in East Asian nations on some variables.
1994
Pierson, Herbert; Harwood, Jake; Giles, Howard; Clément, Richard; Fox, Susan
Perceived vitality of age categories in California and Hong Kong Journal Article
In: Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 311-318, 1994.
@article{Pierson1994,
title = {Perceived vitality of age categories in California and Hong Kong},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Jake Harwood and Howard Giles and Richard Clément and Susan Fox},
doi = {10.1080/01434632.1994.9994573},
year = {1994},
date = {1994-01-01},
urldate = {1994-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development},
volume = {15},
number = {4},
pages = {311-318},
abstract = {This paper examines young people's assessments of the subjective vitality (SV) of young, middle‐aged, and elderly targets in Hong Kong and California. This emerged from an interest in the application of the SV framework to age, which is a new development. In addition, we were interested in the relative strength ascribed to the elderly in the two cultures, given western conceptions that the elderly are revered and respected in Asian cultures. The results indicate that, relative to young targets, the elderly are rated as having less vitality in Hong Kong than in California—an effect that was contrary to our expectations. The middle‐aged are seen as having the highest vitality across both cultures. These findings are discussed in terms of recent developments in vitality theory, and the political situation in Hong Kong.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper examines young people's assessments of the subjective vitality (SV) of young, middle‐aged, and elderly targets in Hong Kong and California. This emerged from an interest in the application of the SV framework to age, which is a new development. In addition, we were interested in the relative strength ascribed to the elderly in the two cultures, given western conceptions that the elderly are revered and respected in Asian cultures. The results indicate that, relative to young targets, the elderly are rated as having less vitality in Hong Kong than in California—an effect that was contrary to our expectations. The middle‐aged are seen as having the highest vitality across both cultures. These findings are discussed in terms of recent developments in vitality theory, and the political situation in Hong Kong.
1992
Pierson, Herbert
Communication Issues During a Period of Radical Transition: The Case of Hong Kong Journal Article
In: Communication Quarterly, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 381-390, 1992.
@article{Pierson1992,
title = {Communication Issues During a Period of Radical Transition: The Case of Hong Kong},
author = {Herbert Pierson},
doi = {10.1080/01463379209369855},
year = {1992},
date = {1992-09-01},
urldate = {1992-09-01},
journal = {Communication Quarterly},
volume = {40},
number = {4},
pages = {381-390},
abstract = {This article briefly examines the fundamental communication issues facing Hong Kong in her transition from British sovereignty to mainland Chinese sovereignty as a Special Administrative Region. Reference is made to the origins of Hong Kong, which have determined many of the contemporary communication problems in the territory. Recent social psychological research is reported, which treats the complex social psychological interaction between English, Cantonese, and Putonghua, the main languages of Hong Kong's uncertain future.},
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This article briefly examines the fundamental communication issues facing Hong Kong in her transition from British sovereignty to mainland Chinese sovereignty as a Special Administrative Region. Reference is made to the origins of Hong Kong, which have determined many of the contemporary communication problems in the territory. Recent social psychological research is reported, which treats the complex social psychological interaction between English, Cantonese, and Putonghua, the main languages of Hong Kong's uncertain future.
1990
Pierson, Herbert; Giles, Howard; Williams, A.
Asian Pacific language and communication: Foundation, issues, and directions Journal Article
In: Journal of Asian Pacific Communication, vol. 1, pp. 1-25, 1990.
@article{Pierson1990,
title = {Asian Pacific language and communication: Foundation, issues, and directions},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Howard Giles and A. Williams},
year = {1990},
date = {1990-01-01},
urldate = {1990-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Asian Pacific Communication},
volume = {1},
pages = {1-25},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
1989
Pierson, Herbert
Using etymology in the classroom Journal Article
In: ELT Journal, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 57-63, 1989.
@article{Pierson1989,
title = {Using etymology in the classroom},
author = {Herbert Pierson},
doi = {10.1093/elt/43.1.57},
year = {1989},
date = {1989-01-01},
urldate = {1989-01-01},
journal = {ELT Journal},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {57-63},
abstract = {This article argues that instruction in etymology, although at present neglected in the second-language curriculum, could offer meaningful linguistic information and principles to the intermediate/advanced second-language learner. Etymology, the study of word origins, has all the attributes of what educational psychologists term meaningful learning. This is a type of learning connected to prior learning, more highly retainable and generalizable, making it superior to simple rote learning of vocabulary. Practical illustrations of how etymology could be integrated into a second-language programme are given, based on the author's own experience as an ESL specialist in Hong Kong.},
keywords = {},
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This article argues that instruction in etymology, although at present neglected in the second-language curriculum, could offer meaningful linguistic information and principles to the intermediate/advanced second-language learner. Etymology, the study of word origins, has all the attributes of what educational psychologists term meaningful learning. This is a type of learning connected to prior learning, more highly retainable and generalizable, making it superior to simple rote learning of vocabulary. Practical illustrations of how etymology could be integrated into a second-language programme are given, based on the author's own experience as an ESL specialist in Hong Kong.
1988
Pierson, Herbert; Giles, Howard
Social inferences from language proficiency in Hong Kong: A reinterpretation of Hui & Yam Journal Article
In: British Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 279-281, 1988.
@article{Pierson1988,
title = {Social inferences from language proficiency in Hong Kong: A reinterpretation of Hui & Yam},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Howard Giles},
doi = {10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00830.x},
year = {1988},
date = {1988-09-01},
urldate = {1988-09-01},
journal = {British Journal of Social Psychology},
volume = {27},
number = {3},
pages = {279-281},
keywords = {},
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1987
Pierson, Herbert
Establishing a CALL Laboratory in an ESL Program Journal Article
In: IALLT Journal of Language Learning Technologies, vol. 20, no. 3-4, pp. 22-26 , 1987.
@article{Pierson1987,
title = {Establishing a CALL Laboratory in an ESL Program},
author = {Herbert Pierson},
doi = {10.17161/iallt.v20i3-4.9274},
year = {1987},
date = {1987-10-15},
urldate = {1987-10-15},
journal = {IALLT Journal of Language Learning Technologies},
volume = {20},
number = {3-4},
pages = {22-26 },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Pierson, Herbert; Giles, Howard; Young, Louis
Intergroup vitality Perceptions during a period of political uncertainty: The case of Hong Kong Journal Article
In: Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 451-460, 1987.
@article{Pierson1987b,
title = {Intergroup vitality Perceptions during a period of political uncertainty: The case of Hong Kong},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Howard Giles and Louis Young
},
doi = {10.1080/01434632.1987.9994305},
year = {1987},
date = {1987-01-01},
urldate = {1987-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development},
volume = {8},
number = {5},
pages = {451-460},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
1986
Pierson, Herbert; Young, Louis; Giles, Howard
Sociopolitical change and perceived vitality Journal Article
In: International Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 459-469, 1986.
@article{Pierson1986,
title = {Sociopolitical change and perceived vitality},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Louis Young and Howard Giles},
doi = {10.1016/0147-1767(86)90045-3},
year = {1986},
date = {1986-12-31},
urldate = {1986-12-31},
journal = {International Journal of Intercultural Relations},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {459-469},
abstract = {This paper addresses the issue of how ethnic groups cognitively represent some of the societal forces impinging upon them and relevant outgroups before and after a naturally-occurring event. By utilizing the concept of "vitality" and its attending measurement instrument (the SVQ), Chinese Hong Kong students were required to rate the perceived vitalities of Chinese and Western groups in the Colony as well as their respective languages before and after the Sino-British Treaty. Results showed that the status of the English language was perceived lower in a number of situations after the international agreement. This was complemented by a decrease in the perceived level of immigration and emigration patterns of Westerners, by an increase in their perceived political power locally, and by an increase in the status of the English language internationally. The findings, many of which manifest judgemental reversals from before to after the Treaty, are discussed in terms of the psychological acceptance of the agreement by the Hong Chinese and in the context of maintaining a positive ethnic identity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
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This paper addresses the issue of how ethnic groups cognitively represent some of the societal forces impinging upon them and relevant outgroups before and after a naturally-occurring event. By utilizing the concept of "vitality" and its attending measurement instrument (the SVQ), Chinese Hong Kong students were required to rate the perceived vitalities of Chinese and Western groups in the Colony as well as their respective languages before and after the Sino-British Treaty. Results showed that the status of the English language was perceived lower in a number of situations after the international agreement. This was complemented by a decrease in the perceived level of immigration and emigration patterns of Westerners, by an increase in their perceived political power locally, and by an increase in the status of the English language internationally. The findings, many of which manifest judgemental reversals from before to after the Treaty, are discussed in terms of the psychological acceptance of the agreement by the Hong Chinese and in the context of maintaining a positive ethnic identity.
1982
Pierson, Herbert; Bond, Michael Harris
How Do Chinese Bilinguals Respond To Variations of Interviewer Language and Ethnicity? Journal Article
In: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 123-139, 1982.
@article{Pierson1982,
title = {How Do Chinese Bilinguals Respond To Variations of Interviewer Language and Ethnicity?},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Michael Harris Bond},
doi = {10.1177/0261927X8200100203},
year = {1982},
date = {1982-09-01},
urldate = {1982-09-01},
journal = {Journal of Language and Social Psychology},
volume = {1},
number = {2},
pages = {123-139},
abstract = {Do Chinese bilinguals change their non-verbal behaviours when they are speaking English as opposed to Cantonese and speaking with Americans as opposed to fellow Chinese? In order to answer these questions, 64 female English majors at the Chinese University were video-taped during a standardised interview in either Cantonese or English by an interviewer of American or Chinese ethnicity. Measures of self-perception and perception of the interviewer were also taken to illuminate the meaning of the potential changes in non-verbal behaviour. The language and ethnicity variables had functionally different impacts on the non-verbal behaviours: the higher speed, less frequent use of filled pauses, and increased gazing when using Cantonese are suggestive of its greater redundancy relative to English; the lesser talking combined with increased smiles and torso shifts emitted with the American interviewers were compatible with the higher potency and greater informality with which the Americans were perceived by these bilinguals. The American interviewers were relatively less fluent using Cantonese than were interviewers in the other conditions. Perceiving this lesser skill, the interviewees accommodated by downgrading their self-ratings of second language fluency and by increasing their frequency of filled pauses while answering.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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Do Chinese bilinguals change their non-verbal behaviours when they are speaking English as opposed to Cantonese and speaking with Americans as opposed to fellow Chinese? In order to answer these questions, 64 female English majors at the Chinese University were video-taped during a standardised interview in either Cantonese or English by an interviewer of American or Chinese ethnicity. Measures of self-perception and perception of the interviewer were also taken to illuminate the meaning of the potential changes in non-verbal behaviour. The language and ethnicity variables had functionally different impacts on the non-verbal behaviours: the higher speed, less frequent use of filled pauses, and increased gazing when using Cantonese are suggestive of its greater redundancy relative to English; the lesser talking combined with increased smiles and torso shifts emitted with the American interviewers were compatible with the higher potency and greater informality with which the Americans were perceived by these bilinguals. The American interviewers were relatively less fluent using Cantonese than were interviewers in the other conditions. Perceiving this lesser skill, the interviewees accommodated by downgrading their self-ratings of second language fluency and by increasing their frequency of filled pauses while answering.
1981
Pierson, Herbert; Friederichs, Jane
What are Science Students Expected to Write? Journal Article
In: ELT Journal, vol. XXXV, no. 4, pp. 407-410, 1981.
@article{Pierson1981,
title = {What are Science Students Expected to Write?},
author = {Herbert Pierson and Jane Friederichs},
doi = {10.1093/elt/XXXV.4.407},
year = {1981},
date = {1981-07-01},
urldate = {1981-07-01},
journal = {ELT Journal},
volume = {XXXV},
number = {4},
pages = {407-410},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}